Scope 1 Emissions
Direct greenhouse gas emissions from sources owned or controlled by the reporting organisation — including stationary combustion, mobile combustion, and fugitive emissions.
Scope 1 emissions are direct greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from sources that are owned or controlled by the reporting organisation. The term was introduced by the GHG Protocol Corporate Standard and is now the global basis for organisational carbon accounting, including BRSR and ISO 14064.
What counts as Scope 1 in manufacturing?
In the context of manufacturing, Scope 1 emission sources fall into three categories under IPCC 2006 Guidelines:
Stationary combustion — fuel burned in fixed equipment on-site: boilers, furnaces, kilns, thermic fluid heaters, diesel generating sets, gas turbines. Covers coal, natural gas, furnace oil, LPG, biomass, and diesel.
Mobile combustion — fuel burned in vehicles and mobile equipment owned or operated by the organisation: company trucks, forklifts, employee buses. Fuel type is typically diesel or petrol.
Fugitive emissions — unintentional releases not from combustion: refrigerant leakage from HVAC and refrigeration systems (HFCs), methane from effluent treatment plants, process vents.
How Scope 1 relates to BRSR
BRSR Principle 6 requires Indian listed companies to report total Scope 1 emissions in metric tonnes CO2 equivalent (tCO2e). The calculation must use a recognised methodology — IPCC emission factors applied under GHG Protocol or ISO 14064 framework.
How Sustaineve handles Scope 1
Scope 1 measurement in Sustaineve covers all three IPCC subcategories with pre-loaded emission factors for fuels used in Indian manufacturing operations.